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詞或詞組	中文	英文解釋中文解釋
Yield point (Unit Pa)	屈服點（單位Pa）	The first stress in a material, usually less than the maximum attainable stress, at which an increase in strain occurs without an increase in stress. Only certain metals—those which exhibit a localized, heterogeneous type of transition from elastic to plastic deformation—produce a yield point. If there is a decrease in stress after yielding, a distinction may be made between upper and lower yield points. The load at which a sudden drop in the flow curve occurs is called the upper yield point. The constant load shown on the flow curve is the lower yield point. (yield strength, yield stress, Rel, Rel) The stress at which the onset of permanent (plastic) deformation (yielding) occurs in a body under increasing loading. In some materials, a yield-point phenomenon occurs in which stress falls on initial yielding and plastic deformation continues without increase in stress as strain increases further. The yield criterion is the combination of normal and shear stresses which produces yielding under multiaxial loading. 材料中的第一應(yīng)力，通常小于可達(dá)到的最大應(yīng)力，在該應(yīng)力下應(yīng)變增加而應(yīng)力不增加。只有某些金屬——表現(xiàn)出從彈性變形到塑性變形的局部、非均勻類型的金屬——才會產(chǎn)生屈服點。如果屈服后應(yīng)力降低，可區(qū)分上屈服點和下屈服點。流量曲線突然下降時的荷載稱為上屈服點。流量曲線上顯示的恒定載荷為較低屈服點。（屈服強(qiáng)度，屈服應(yīng)力，Rel）在不斷增加的載荷下，物體發(fā)生永久（塑性）變形（屈服）時的應(yīng)力。在某些材料中，會出現(xiàn)屈服點現(xiàn)象，即應(yīng)力在初始屈服時下降，隨著應(yīng)變進(jìn)一步增加，塑性變形繼續(xù)，而應(yīng)力沒有增加。屈服準(zhǔn)則是在多軸載荷下產(chǎn)生屈服的正應(yīng)力和剪應(yīng)力的組合。
Yield strength	屈服強(qiáng)度	That stress level which will create a permanent deformation of 0.2% or 0.5% or some other small, preselected, amount in a body.? Approximately equal to the elastic and proportional limits of the material; a little higher than the proof strength of a bolt. The stress at which a material exhibits a specified deviation from proportionality of stress and strain. An offset of 0.2% is used for many metals. 該應(yīng)力水平將在物體中產(chǎn)生0.2%或0.5%的永久變形，或其他一些小的、預(yù)先選定的量。近似等于材料的彈性和比例極限；略高于螺栓的強(qiáng)度。材料表現(xiàn)出與應(yīng)力和應(yīng)變比例的特定偏差的應(yīng)力。許多金屬使用0.2%的偏移量。
Yield stress	屈服應(yīng)力	The stress level of highly ductile materials, such as structural steels, at which large strains take place without further increase in stress. 高韌性材料（如結(jié)構(gòu)鋼）的應(yīng)力水平，在該應(yīng)力水平下發(fā)生大應(yīng)變而不會進(jìn)一步增加。
Yield-point elongation	屈服點延伸	During discontinuous yielding, the amount of strain measured from the onset of yielding to the beginning of strain hardening. 在不連續(xù)屈服期間，從屈服開始到應(yīng)變硬化開始測量的應(yīng)變量。
Yielding	屈服	Evidence of plastic deformation in structural materials. Also known as plastic flow or creep. 結(jié)構(gòu)材料塑性變形的證據(jù)。也稱為塑性流動或蠕變。
Young’s modulus	楊氏模量	A term used synonymously with modulus of elasticity. The ratio of tensile or compressive stresses to the resulting strain. 與彈性模量同義的術(shù)語。拉伸或壓縮應(yīng)力與產(chǎn)生應(yīng)變的比率。